Vymenujte myeloproliferatívne neoplázie podľa klasifikácie WHO 2022.
Najprv si odpoveď povedz nahlas alebo v duchu – až potom ju odkry.
🫀 Interná medicína · 47
| myeloproliferatívne neoplázie | neoplasmata myeloproliferativa |
| polycythaemia vera | polycythaemia vera |
| esenciálna trombocytémia | thrombocythaemia essentialis |
| primárna myelofibróza | myelofibrosis primaria |
| chronická myeloidová leukémia | leukaemia myeloides chronica |
| filadelfský chromozóm | |
| flebotómia | phlebotomia |
| erytromelalgia | erythromelalgia |
The abnormal proliferation of one or more terminal myeloid cell lines in the peripheral blood gives rise to a heterogeneous group of disorders called myeloproliferative neoplasms.
Chronic myeloid leukaemia Polycythaemia vera Essential thrombocythaemia Primary myelofibrosis Chronic neutrophilic leukaemia Chronic eosinophilic leukaemia Juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia Myeloproliferative neoplasm, not otherwise specified
Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is defined by the BCR :: ABL1 fusion resulting from t(9;22)(q34;q11).
While JAK2 , CALR , and MPL mutations are considered driver events
This mutation is observed in over 90% of patients with PV and 50% to 60% of primary myelofibrosis, and 50% of essential thrombocythemia.
exposure to a higher level of ionizing radiation and toxins such as benzene has been associated with an increase in the risk for development of MPNs.
Patient may be asymptomatic with an abnormal blood test, but common clinical manifestations include easy fatiguability, anorexia, weight loss, generalized malaise, sweating, abdominal discomfort or pain, abdominal fullness, early satiety, easy bruising, and bleeding.
Patients often present with aquagenic pruritus, which is itching/stinging or burning sensation after warm bath or shower.
Clinical symptoms of ET varies from asymptomatic presentation to symptoms due to thrombosis, bleeding, and vasomotor symptoms.
PMF is characterized by extramedullary hematopoiesis and BM fibrosis.
Major diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of PV include elevated haemoglobin concentration and/or haematocrit, accompanied by trilineage hyperplasia (panmyelosis), with pleomorphic mature megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, and NM_004972 :JAK2 p.V617F or JAK2 exon 12 mutations.
Secondary polycythemia (from hypoxia or smoking) is much more common than primary PV and must be ruled out before the diagnosis of primary PV can be made.
Erythropoietin (EPO) level - normal or high in secondary polycythemia, but low or normal in PV.
Distinction between these types is based on integrating peripheral blood findings with molecular data and bone marrow morphologic evaluation findings, as none of these parameters alone provide sufficient diagnostic specificity.
Patients with chronic phase are managed initially with TKIs such as imatinib (first-generation TKIs) or nilotinib and dasatinib (second-generation TKIs).
patients with polycythaemia vera who are younger than 60 years and have no previous vascular events, who are conventionally defined as being at low risk, are generally treated with phlebotomy and low-dose aspirin
In patients older than 60 years with polycythaemia vera, the 2018 ELN recommendations to start cytoreductive drug therapy with either hydroxyurea or interferon alfa were still considered valid
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is recommended in patients with the high-risk disease with the potential to cure.
Thrombosis and hemorrhagic events are the most common complications in MPNs.
PV and ET progress to AP (10-19% blasts) and BP (≥20% blasts) in a minority of cases, but leukaemic transformation is more frequent in PMF
PV patients may develop acquired von Willebrand disease with platelet counts greater than 1 million/microL, and these patients are at increased risk of bleeding, particularly if they are on aspirin.
Vymenujte myeloproliferatívne neoplázie podľa klasifikácie WHO 2022.
Najprv si odpoveď povedz nahlas alebo v duchu – až potom ju odkry.
Aké sú hlavné diagnostické kritériá polycythaemia vera podľa WHO 2022?
Najprv si odpoveď povedz nahlas alebo v duchu – až potom ju odkry.