Uveďte klasifikáciu dospelých podľa BMI (WHO) a jej obmedzenia.
Najprv si odpoveď povedz nahlas alebo v duchu – až potom ju odkry.
🫀 Interná medicína · 80
| obezita | obesitas |
| nadváha | |
| index telesnej hmotnosti (BMI) | |
| obvod pása | |
| pomer pás/výška | |
| klinická obezita | |
| preklinická obezita | |
| agonista GLP-1 receptora | |
| tirzepatid | |
| bariatrická chirurgia | |
| obezitno-hypoventilačný syndróm |
Obesity is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a chronic, relapsing disease arising from complex interactions between genetics, neurobiology, eating behaviours, access to healthy diet, market forces, and the broader environment.
For adults: overweight is a BMI greater than or equal to 25; and obesity is a BMI greater than or equal to 30.
Overweight and obesity result from an imbalance of energy intake (diet) and energy expenditure (physical activity). In most cases obesity is a multifactorial disease due to environmental and psycho-social factors and genetic variants.
In a subgroup of patients, single major etiological factors can be identified (e.g. medications, diseases, immobilization, iatrogenic procedures, and monogenic disease/genetic syndrome).
Heritability of BMI is high across different age groups, ranging from 40 to 60%
Overweight = 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 Class I obesity = 30 to 34.9 kg/m2 Class II obesity = 35 to 39.9 kg/m2 Class III obesity = ≥ 40 kg/m2
Clinical obesity is a chronic, systemic illness characterized by alterations in the function of tissues, organs or the individual, due to excessive and/or abnormal adiposity
Pre-clinical obesity is characterized by excess and/or abnormal adiposity with preserved function of other tissues and organs
The report’s proposed classification of ‘preclinical obesity’ as a state of preserved health is deeply concerning. This approach suggests a watchful waiting strategy that could: Delay crucial early interventions
A diagnosis of overweight or obesity is made by measuring people’s weight and height and by calculating the body mass index (BMI): weight (kg)/height² (m²).
BMI is a crude screening tool and has limitations in many subpopulations, particularly because it does not distinguish between lean body mass and fat mass.
Excess adiposity should be confirmed by either direct measurement of body fat, where available, or at least one anthropometric criterion (eg, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, or waist-to-height ratio) in addition to BMI
Patients with obesity should be screened for common comorbid disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), diabetes
Treatment includes lifestyle modification (eg, diet, physical activity, behavior), anti-obesity medications, and bariatric (weight-loss) surgery.
Weight loss of even 5 to 10% improves overall health, helps reduce risk of developing cardiovascular complications
in adults with an initial Body Mass Index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m2 (obesity), or ≥27 kg/m2 to <30 kg/m2 (overweight) in the presence of at least one weight-related comorbidity
updated recommendations for metabolic and bariatric surgery to include patients with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 regardless of comorbidities and those with a BMI 30 to 34.9 kg/m2 with metabolic disorders.
Complications include cardiovascular disorders (particularly in people with excess abdominal fat), diabetes mellitus, certain cancers, cholelithiasis, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, cirrhosis, osteoarthritis, reproductive disorders in men and women
Obesity can also cause obesity hypoventilation syndrome (Pickwickian syndrome)
Obesity has also been shown to be an independent risk factor for venous thromboembolism
Obesity leads to social, economic, and psychological problems as a result of prejudice, discrimination, poor body image, and low self-esteem.
Uveďte klasifikáciu dospelých podľa BMI (WHO) a jej obmedzenia.
Najprv si odpoveď povedz nahlas alebo v duchu – až potom ju odkry.
Aké sú diagnostické kritériá klinickej obezity podľa Lancet Commission 2025?
Najprv si odpoveď povedz nahlas alebo v duchu – až potom ju odkry.
Za akých podmienok je v EÚ u dospelých indikovaná farmakoterapia obezity semaglutidom 2,4 mg alebo tirzepatidom?
Najprv si odpoveď povedz nahlas alebo v duchu – až potom ju odkry.